General
Growth ring boundaries distinct. Odour indistinct or absent. Density 0.65-0.75 g/cm³. Mit regelmS¯igem Farbkern @E with regular heartwood @F bois de coeur rTguliFrement prTsent @P cerne de cor regularmente presente @S duramen de color regularmente presente.
Vessels
Wood diffuse porous. Vessels arranged in no specific pattern. Vessels exclusively solitary (more than 90% according to IAWA 1984), in multiples (mixed solitary and multiples or exclusively multiples). Vessels commonly in short (2-3 vessels) radial rows. Vessel outline rounded, angular. Predominantly solitary, in some specimens also with larger proportions of vessel groups. Average tangential vessel diameter 40.0-60.0 µm. Average tangential diameter of vessels: small (less than 50 µm). Average number of vessels/mm² 100.0-150.0. Vessels per square millimetre very numerous (more than 100). Perforation plates simple. Perforations generaly simple; in very narrow vessels occasionally with scalariform to reticulate perforations (diagnostically not relevant). Intervessel pits opposite, alternate. Intervessel pits average diameter (vertical) 5.0-7.0 µm. Intervessel pits average diameter (vertical) small (4-7 µm). Intervessel pits not vestured. Rare, loosely arranged, circular. Vessel-ray pits with distinct borders. Vessel-ray pits similar to intervessel pits. Helical thickenings present. Helical thickenings in narrow and wide vessel elements. Helical thickenings throughout the body of vessel elements. Tyloses absent. Other deposits present. Reddish brown, rare.
Tracheids and fibres
Fibres of medium wall thickness. Average fibre length 800.0-1200.0(-1700.0) µm. Average fibre length medium (900-1600 µm). Fibre pits common in both radial and tangential walls. Fibre pits distinctly bordered. Helical thickenings absent. Fibres non-septate. Faseranteil um 40% (Wagenfnhr 1985) @E fibre proportion around 40% (Wagenfnhr 1985) @F proportion des fibres environ 40% (Wagenfnhr 1985) @P proportpo das fibras em torno de 40% (Wagenfnhr 1985) @S proporci=n de fibras alredor de 40% (Wagenfnhr 1985).
Axial parenchyma
Axial parenchyma banded, not banded. Bands marginal (or seemingly marginal). Bands fine (up to three cells wide). Axial parenchyma apotracheal, paratracheal. Apotracheal axial parenchyma diffuse. Axial parenchyma as strands. Average number of cells per strand: 3.0-5.0.
Rays
Rays 8.0-13.0 per tangential mm. Rays multiseriate. Rays 1.0-3.0 cells wide. Multiseriate rays narrow (2-3 seriate). Rays with multiseriate portions as wide as uniseriate portions absent. Aggregate rays absent. Rays of one size. Height of large rays up to 500 µm. Rays composed of a single cell type (homocellular), two or more cell types (heterocellular). Homocellular ray cells procumbent. Heterocellular rays with square and upright cells restricted to marginal rows. Mostly 1 marginal row of upright or square cells. Sheath cells absent. Tile cells absent. Perforated ray cells absent. Disjunctive ray parenchyma end walls indistinct or absent. Heterocellular rays relatively frequent.
Storied structures
Storied structure absent.
Secretory structures
Oil and mucilage cells absent. Intercellular canals absent. Llaticifers or tanniniferous tubes absent.
Cambial variants
Included phloem absent. Other cambial variants absent.
Mineral inclusions
Crystals present extremely rare , not observed. Crystals prismatic. Crystals located in axial parenchyma cells. Crystal-containing axial parenchyma cells chambered. Number of crystals per cell or chamber one. Silica not observed.
Physical and chemical tests
Heartwood not fluorescent.